中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄
由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
光明文创联合国礼团队、非遗大师，三大IP共同打造《财福满堂》癸卯兔年纪念章******
2023癸卯兔年即将来临，中国及世界多国都在新年到来前发行生肖类纪念品，以此来表达对中国新年的祝福。
在众多生肖纪念品中，一套名为《财福满堂》的癸卯兔年纪念章正对外发行。
这套纪念章由光明文创和北京工美集团有限责任公司技术中心联合出品。其中，光明文创是光明日报直属文化企业——光明实业总公司独家注册运营的央媒旗下特色文化品牌，在文创领域具有极大影响力和品牌价值。
为弘扬中国传统生肖文化，表达新年祝福，光明文创全力打造了此套2023年生肖纪念品——癸卯兔年纪念章，并特请北京工美集团有限责任公司技术中心负责纪念章设计和制作全流程。
北京工美集团有限责任公司技术中心是北京工美集团的核心研发单位，拥有实力雄厚的研发设计师团队，成员毕业于清华美院、中央美院等。数十年来，技术中心一直承担着国家级礼品的设计生产任务，2008年成功设计制作了北京奥运会会徽发布载体“北京奥运徽宝——中国印”等，是享誉内外的“国礼团队”。
为确保一流设计、最高标准，癸卯兔年纪念章的设计和创作由北京工美集团的首席设计师冯超亲自领队。同时，设计团队还特别邀请了国家级非遗项目“蔚县剪纸”的代表性传承人——周广大师加入。“蔚县剪纸”和古老的生肖文化相结合，贯穿于纪念章的设计中，使其具有极高的艺术价值和文化价值。
纪念章外形为经典圆形造型，正面以兔子为题材，采用了彩印蔚县剪纸的形式，周围点缀敦煌花卉纹饰，并融入牡丹纹、如意、铜钱元素；背面结合了十二月份及十二花神元素，相互呼应，寓意一年四季。
整套纪念章在工艺上还做出了大胆创新，将彩印工艺和花丝工艺二者结合，使得整体造型更别致美观。
此次发行的《财福满堂》癸卯兔年纪念章，共分三个不同系列：金色套装、银色套装和黄铜套装，分别对应金银材质、银质和黄铜材质，每个系列均包含十二枚纪念章。金银作为贵金属而言，一直担当着比较稳定的保值功能，为纪念章的价值锦上添花。
金色套装共将发行3000套，银色套装共将发行5000套，黄铜套装共将发行10000套。每套纪念章都具有唯一编号，防伪可查，枚枚保真，既保证了每枚纪念章的唯一性，也使其具有极大的稀缺性。
十二生肖是我国传统民俗文化的重要组成部分，久远的生肖文化使中国人的精神、命运和情感紧紧联系在一起，构成了每个人终生的文化情结。正因如此，生肖一直是收藏界的一个永恒的题材。
不同于以往的生肖类纪念品，《财福满堂》癸卯兔年纪念章是著名文化品牌、国礼团队和国家级非遗大师，三大顶尖IP首次合作的首个成果，这在同领域是史无前例的。
由权威文化品牌牵头，国礼团队担当重任，国家级非遗大师助力，《财福满堂》癸卯兔年纪念章实为同类收藏领域登峰造极之作。作为贺岁与生肖文化的献礼，《财福满堂》癸卯兔年纪念章实为一款极其稀有珍贵的艺术藏品。
《财福满堂》癸卯兔年纪念章光明文创咨询热线
13811119220
4008837004
来源 / 光明文创
